At a time when coral reefs are under serious threat due to climate change, Cuba is emerging as a key site for scientific innovation and international collaboration in reef restoration. Cuban researchers, in partnership with U.S.-based institutions like SECORE International, are developing pioneering methods to regenerate corals that are more resilient to rising ocean temperatures.
One of the most promising techniques is assisted sexual reproduction, which allows for the mixing of genetic material from different coral colonies to produce offspring with greater adaptive potential. This method, tested in areas like Playa el Coral and Jardines de la Reina, has shown improved resistance to extreme heat events, such as the one that affected the Caribbean in 2023.
Collaboration between experts from both countries has been essential in advancing these efforts. Marine biologist Fernando Bretos, a Cuban-American, has played a key role in connecting scientists across the Florida Straits, enabling the transfer of scientific knowledge and materials—such as ceramic substrates used for coral larvae settlement.
This partnership has also inspired community and cultural initiatives. American artist Mara Haseltine works with Cuban artisans to produce locally made coral habitats, blending marine science with local cultural identity and providing economic opportunities in the process.
Cuba has designated 25% of its marine areas as protected zones, helping preserve ecosystems that remain healthier than others across the Caribbean. Still, challenges persist, and international scientific cooperation remains vital.
Despite the political complexities of the past decades, this growing collaboration is a reminder that science can build bridges. Coral reef restoration not only protects marine biodiversity—it offers a shared path forward for two nations linked by the same sea.
With Information from the article "Survival at sea: Cuba is rewriting its coral story" written by Ryan Green for the magazine Oceanographic and published 07/22/2025